Feb. 21, 2025
In everyday life, any item used for a long time inevitably experiences some degree of wear. For example, plastic and ceramic items may age or get scratched over time. The same is true for electronic devices—prolonged use inevitably leads to wear, and this kind of loss is unavoidable.
The same happens with electronic components, such as film capacitors, which experience wear over time. As an important component in electronic devices, the loss of film capacitors is a focal point of concern.
Loss not only affects the performance of the film capacitor but may also have a negative impact on the stability and reliability of the entire circuit system.
Why do film capacitors experience loss? What factors are related to the loss of film capacitors?
The loss in film capacitors primarily comes from energy loss caused by heat generation under the influence of the electric field.
This is mainly because, during operation, the materials inside the film capacitor undergo physical and chemical changes under the influence of the electric field. These changes lead to a gradual decline in material performance, increasing the loss.
The loss of film capacitors is related to several factors such as temperature, frequency, voltage, and humidity.
Temperature
As the temperature increases, both the dielectric loss and the electrode loss of the film capacitor will increase. This is because high temperatures accelerate the aging of the materials inside the capacitor, which leads to a decrease in insulation performance and an increase in loss.
Frequency
In high-frequency applications, both the dielectric loss and the electrode loss of the film capacitor increase. High-frequency signals cause the electric field inside the film capacitor to change more rapidly, resulting in more energy being converted into heat.
Voltage
As the voltage across the film capacitor increases, the internal electric field strength also increases, causing more energy to be converted into heat. This effect is more pronounced in capacitors with interlayer polarization loss, spontaneous polarization loss, and ionization loss.
Humidity
Humidity is also an important factor affecting the loss of film capacitors. In a humid environment, moisture tends to condense on the surface of the capacitor, forming a water film. This increases the leakage current on the surface and leads to an increase in loss.
Dongguan Zhixu Electronics (also JYH HSU, short for JEC) offers a comprehensive range of electronic component models with guaranteed quality and reliable after-sales support. Our products are certified under the ISO9001:2015 quality management system. Welcome to contact us for cooperation.
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